Sequential injection analysis with dynamic surface tension detection High throughput analysis of the interfacial properties of surface-active samples |
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Authors: | Lenghor Narong Grudpan Kate Jakmunee Jaroon Staggemeier Bethany A Quigley Wes W C Prazen Bryan J Christian Gary D Ruzicka Jaromir Synovec Robert E |
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Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Institute for Science and Technology Research and Development, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand b Department of Chemistry, Center for Process Analytical Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA |
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Abstract: | A sequential injection analysis (SIA) system is coupled with dynamic surface tension detection (DSTD) for the purpose of studying the interfacial properties of surface-active samples. DSTD is a novel analyzer based upon a growing drop method, utilizing a pressure sensor measurement of drop pressure. The pressure signal depends on the surface tension properties of sample solution drops that grow and detach at the end of a capillary tip. In this work, SIA was used for creating a reagent concentration gradient, and for blending the reagent gradient with a steady-state sample. The sample, consisting of either sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or poly(ethylene glycol) at 1470 g mol?1 (PEG 1470), elutes with a steady-state concentration at the center of the sample plug. Reagents such as Brij®35, tetrabutylammonium (TBA) hydroxide and β-cyclodextrin were introduced as a concentration gradient that begins after the sample plug has reached the steady-state concentration. By blending the reagent concentration gradient with the sample plug using SIA/DSTD, the kinetic surface pressure signal of samples mixed with various reagent concentrations is observed and evaluated in a high throughput fashion. It was found that the SIA/DSTD method consumes lesser reagent and required significantly less analysis time than traditional FIA/DSTD. Four unique chemical systems were studied with regard to how surface activity is influenced, as observed through the surface tension signal: surface activity addition, surface activity reduction due to competition, surface activity enhancement due to ion-pair formation, and surface activity reduction due to bulk phase binding chemistry. |
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Keywords: | Sequential injection analysis Dynamic surface tension detector Concentration gradient |
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