Fluctuation-induced forces in and out of equilibrium |
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Authors: | Ramin Golestanian |
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Institution: | (1) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, 45195-159 Zanjan, Iran |
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Abstract: | In a fluctuating medium of quantum, thermal, or non-thermal origin, an interaction is induced between external objects that
modify the fluctuations. These interactions can appear in a vast variety of systems, leading to a plethora of interesting
phenomena. Notable examples of these include: (1) like-charge attraction in the presence of multivalent counterions, (2) Ludwig-Soret
effect in charged colloids, (3) mass renormalization of moving defects in a phononic background and moving metallic objects
in EM quantum vacuum, and (4) dissipation due to motion-induced radiation. The fluctuationinduced forces are statistical in
nature, and this could make their measurement very difficult, because the actual value of the force might deviate most of
the time from the predicted average value. |
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Keywords: | Casimir effect fluctuations nano-mechanics |
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