Estimation and econometric tests under price and output uncertainties

We extend the existing estimation methods to allow empirical estimation and hypothesis testing under simultaneous price and output uncertainty. Our approach modifies and expands the use of duality theory. Furthermore, our approach does not require the specification or estimation of the production/cost function. In addition, our approach does not require the assumption of the statistical independence between price and output. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.