低温超导物理学中的重要实验史话

综观超导发展史，实验既是创立超导理论的基础，也是检验超导理论的惟一手段。正是实验的发展，不断揭示了超导的各种新现象，日益加深着人们对超导电性的认识，促进了超导物理学的发展和应用。文章回顾了低温超导发展过程中的一些重要实验，探讨了这些实验的思想及其对超导发展的重要促进作用。通过对超导实验历史材料的研究，我们不仅可以学到科研技能和了解科学新现象的发现过程，而且可以学到正确的科研态度和方法。

REVIEW OF LANDMARK EXPERIMENTS DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOW TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

A overview is presented of the history of superconductivity. Superconductivity therories were based on experiments and validated by them. These experiments revealed many novel superconducting phenomena, promoted the understanding of superconductivity and accelerated its development and applications. Certain landmark experiments and the ideas behind them are reviewed.