易水解类表面活性剂的表面与胶团性质

对直链烷基羧酸盐与烷基氯化伯铵两类易水解型表面活性剂进行了较系统的研究,发现pH 值、温度、 盐浓度的变化对体系表面性质及胶团形成有较明显的影响.二类体系中相应水解产物的存在均可较大幅度地提高体系的表面活性,但pH 值在碱性范围内的变化仍对羧酸钠的表面性质与胶团形成有明显影响,而烷基氯化铵的表面性质与聚集能力在酸性条件下则主要受盐浓度的影响，而不受pH 值影响.表明这两类易水解体系产生的极性有机物对各自体系的表面性质和聚集能力影响力度不同.考察了温度对易水解类表面活性剂的影响,并利用相分离模型对相应体系的胶团形成热力学参数进行了计算与讨论.

The Surface Chemical Properties of Hydrolytic Surfactants

The surface properties of hydrolytic surfactants,sodium alkycarboxylate and alkylammonium chlorides,were investigated systematically.lt is found that the variation of pH,salt and temperature have obvious influence on the surface properties and micellization of the system.Due to hydrolysis of the surfactants,the systems have high surface activity.It is interesting to note that the variation of pH still has an obvious influence on the surface properties of sodium alkycarboxylate at pH ≥ 9.2.In contrast,the surface properties and micellization of alkylammonium chlorides are mainly affected by adding salt rather than pH at pH ≤ 6.06,indicating the different hydrolysate effect in these two kinds of surfactant systems.The standard thermodynamic parameters of micellzation have been calculated according to the model of charged pseudo phased separation,and the effect of temperature on hydrolytic surfactants has also been studied.