Phenomenological model of the unstable stage of a vacuum spark discharge |
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Authors: | S A Barengolts G A Mesyats and é A Perelstein |
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Institution: | 1.Prokhorov Institute of General Physics,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia;2.Lebedev Physical Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences,Moscow,Russia;3.Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,Dubna, Moscow oblast,Russia |
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Abstract: | A model of the unstable stage of a spark discharge in vacuum is proposed, which describes all typical manifestations of this
stage, including current spikes in the diode, an increase in the potential at the cathode flame front, collective acceleration
of ions in vacuum and plasma diodes, change in the cathode erosion mechanism, and the emergence of electron microbeams with
a high current density at the anode. It is shown that these processes are associated with the formation of a charged electron
layer of a spatially inhomogeneous plasma at the cathode flame boundary at the unstable stage of the spark discharge in vacuum.
The emergence of this layer is associated with a limited emissive ability of the plasma at the cathode flame front during
its expansion in vacuum. This leads to disruption of the plasma (field-induced emission of electron from the boundary region
of the flame) and the formation of a short-lived charged plasma, viz., high-density ion cluster at the cathode flame boundary.
The estimates obtained using this model are in good agreement with the experimental data on physical processes at the unstable
stage of a vacuum spark discharge. |
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