不同介质凝胶体系中草酸钙结晶的研究

研究了五种不同介质（水、氯化钠、合成尿、正常人尿液和尿石患者尿液）的凝胶体系中草酸钙（CaC2O4）晶体的生长,及各种体系中防石药物柠檬酸钾（K3cit）对CaC2O4生长的影响.没有加K3cit时,CaC2O4晶体以一水草酸钙（calcium oxalate monohydrate, COM）为主要物相,但在氯化钠和合成尿的凝胶体系中同时出现了二水草酸钙（calcium oxalate dihydrate, COD）和三水草酸钙（calcium oxalate trihydrate, COT）,肾结石患者尿液中出现COD,而正常人尿液中没有COD和COT生成.加入K3cit后,水、氯化钠和合成尿介质的凝胶体系中,COT的含量显著增加,患者尿液中产生大量COD,而正常人尿液中出现了少量的COD和极个别的COT.COT的增加与低温、体系中高的离子强度及金属离子等因素有关.K3cit具有诱导COD和COT的生成、减小COM晶体比表面积的作用,从而有利于防治草酸钙结石的形成.

Comparative Investigation of Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Different Gel Systems

Crystallization of calcium oxalate(CaC 2 O 4 )was comparatively investigated in f ive gel systems in the absence and presence of potassiu m citrate(K 3 cit).The five gelatinous systems include water,sodium chloride,synthesized urine,diluted healthy urine and diluted pathological urin e,respectively.In the absence of K 3 cit,calci-um oxalate monohydrate(COM)is the dominant phase.However,calc ium oxalate dihydrate(COD)and trihy-drate(COT)crystals appeared simultaneously i n the gel systems containing sodium c hloride or synthesized urine.COD appeared also in the dilut ed pathological urine,whereas there was not any COD or COT crystals in the diluted healthy urine system.In the presence of K 3 cit,the percentage of COT increased markedly in the gel systems containing either water,sodium chl oride or synthesized urine.A great deal of COD appeared in the diluted patho-logical urine system,and a few COD an d COT appeared in the diluted healthy urine system.The lower tempera-ture,higher ionic strength and the p resence of metal ions in the gel syste ms lead to increase of the percentage of COT crystals.K 3 cit has the ability to induce the form ation of COD and COT,as well as to dimi nish the sectional area of COM crystals,thus K 3 cit can prevent and cure calcium oxalate calculi.