Abstract: | In this paper, we introduce the
concept of separation index s(M,F) for a Heegaard splitting (M,F), and prove that s(M,F) is
exactly the number of factors in a prime connected sum factorization of (M,F). Moreover, if
(M,F) is minimal, then s(M,F) is exactly the number of factors in a prime connected sum
factorization of M. |