高俘获效率电子辐照加速器的设计研究

加速管是一台加速器的核心部分. 一般电子辐照加速器的俘获效率在50%左右, 一半的电子都损失在加速管内. 丢失的电子打在加速管内壁, 产生轫致辐射、腔体发热量增加、真空变坏等许多负面影响. 采用一段等梯度加速结构, 相速沿加速管呈线形增加,调整相速变化规律及加速管腔体的尺寸参数, 设计出的加速管最终的俘获效率提高到90%以上, 同时平均加速梯度没有因此降低, 加速管总长度没有增加.

Design Study on an Electron Linac for Irradiation Processing with a High Capture Efficiency

The accelerating tube is the core of a linac. The capture efficiency is usually about 50% by ordinary design method in the electron linac for irradiation processing. Nearly half of the injected electrons are lost in the tube, resulting in strong radiation and additional heat load on the accelerating cavity, as well as a bad effect on vacuum. In this paper, a constant gradient accelerating structure is chosen to accelerate the electron beam,and the designed phase velocity is linearly increased along the tube. By adjusting the size of the accelerating cavity and the phase velocity function, a high capture efficiency is reached. After a series of simulations, we obtain a 90% capture efficiency, while the accelerator length is not increased due to the bunching process.