Sorption of Ion Associates on Polyurethane Foams and Its Application to Sorption–Spectroscopic and Test Methods of Analysis

The results of studying the sorption of various ion associates on polyurethane foams were generalized. The main sorption-affecting factors were found to be the nature, hydrophobicity, and charge of the associate ion; the nature and concentration of the counter ion; the composition of the polymer unit of the polyurethane foam; and the pH and salt composition of the aqueous phase. Correlation equations were proposed to relate the partition coefficients with the hydration energy of counter ions in the ion associates of cationic dyes and metal complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline and with the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl fragment of cationic alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants. A sorption scheme was proposed and substantiated. Examples were given of the practical use of sorption for determining anionic and cationic surfactants, phenols, 1-naphthol, Fe(III), and Ru(IV).