Nuclear excitation and isomer shifts in muonic atoms: (II). Model-independent parametrization and discussion

Excitation probabilities and isomer shifts for about 50 excited nuclear levels from muonic atoms of Sm, Gd, Eu, Tm, Yb, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Hg, Tl, and Bi are discussed. The data for ¹⁵³Eu are used in comparison with isomer shifts from the Mössbauer technique to evaluate electron density differences in rare earth compounds. Mössbauer and muonic isomer shifts are sensitive to different moments of the change of the charge distribution. Therefore, from a comparison new information can be deduced. The results of the muonic isomer shifts are compared with calculations based on various nuclear models.