AFM单分子力谱在真实材料及生物体系中的应用——挑战与机遇并存

基于原子力显微镜技术（AFM）的单分子力谱是研究分子间分子内相互作用的有效手段．为了简化样品体系及数据的解析，真实的生物或材料体系通常被简化，其中的目标分子被提取并桥连于AFM的针尖与固体基片之间进行研究，这是认识真实体系的有效途径．随着技术的不断进步（包括样品固定方法的改进），使得直接研究真实生物及材料体系中的各种弱相互作用成为可能，此种条件下获得的信息对相关生命过程的调控及高性能材料的设计更具指导意义．本文概述了近几年基于AFM力谱技术在活体细胞以及高分子材料领域的研究进展，分析了存在的主要问题，并对相关领域的未来进行了展望．

The application of AFM-based single molecule force spectroscopy in real material and biological systemsmThe challenges and opportunities

Atomic force microscopy （AFM）-based single molecule force spectroscopy （SMFS） is one of the most useful methods in the investigation of intra- or intermolecular interactions. To simplify the sample system and the data analysis, real biological and material systems have usually been simplified, and the target molecule of interest is normally extracted and bridged between the AFM tip and substrate for study, which is an effective way of understanding the real systems. With the development of technology （including the improvement of sample immobilization method）, it is possible now to directly investigate molecular interactions in living system and real materials. The information obtained will be more useful for the better control of relevant biological processes and the design of high performance polymer materials. In this paper, recent progresses in AFM-SMFS study of molecular interactions in living cells and polymer materials are reviewed.