立方氮化硅及其冲击波合成

 立方氮化硅是高温高压研究近期合成得到的一种新物相，与已经在工业上普遍使用的氮化硅的两种六方物相（α相和β相）相比，新物相的密度增加了26%，预期是一种新型功能材料。简要综述了立方氮化硅的研究进展和存在的问题，讨论了立方氮化硅的人工合成和相关物性研究、Ⅳ(A)族氮化物（Ge₃N₄、Sn₃N₄、C₃N₄）的高密度物相研究，以及后尖晶石相氮化物的实验和理论探索等问题。介绍了作者最近利用炸药爆轰加载技术开展的冲击波合成实验结果，以α相氮化硅为冲击压缩前驱体，实现了在单次冲击波压缩实验中合成出了克量级立方氮化硅粉体，为进一步开展立方氮化硅的性能研究奠定了基础。

Cubic Silicon Nitride and Its Synthesis by Shock Wave Compression

Cubic silicon nitride is a new polymorphous of Si₃N₄ synthesized under high pressure and high temperature. Compared to the two known hexagonal phases of α and β, the new phase is about 26% denser in density, and it is predicted to be a new multi-functional ceramic. The achievement and related concern of the cubic silicon nitride have been reviewed in this paper, including the progress in artificial synthesis, the study on its physical property, the synthesis of other Ⅳ(A) group denser nitrides (Ge₃N₄, Sn₃N₄, C₃N₄), and the explore of the possible post-spinel phase of nitride. By using a flyer impact technique with explosive detonation, we recently have synthesized the cubic silicon nitride from the precursor of α-Si₃N₄, and the mass production of the cubic phase has reached about 2 grams in each run of the shock wave compression test, which provides an economic way for further investigation of its potential performance in industriy.