Hypertractions and hyperstresses convey the same mechanical information |
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Authors: | Paolo Podio-Guidugli Maurizio Vianello |
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Institution: | 1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Università di Roma TorVergata, Viale Politecnico 1, 00133, Rome, Italy 2. Dipartimento di Matematica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
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Abstract: | A strengthened and generalized version of the standard Virtual Work Principle is shown to imply, in addition to bulk and boundary
balances, a one-to-one correspondence between surface and edge hypertractions and hyperstress fields in second-gradient continua.
When edge hypertractions are constitutively taken null, the hyperstress is shown to take the form it has for a relevant example
of second-gradient fluid-like material, referred to as a Navier–Stokes—α fluid. |
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Keywords: | |
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