基于三维荧光技术的艾比湖流域地表水盐分快速诊断研究

如何快速获取干旱区地表水盐分含量是干旱区绿洲地表水有效管理的关键问题。研究以艾比湖流域为研究区，三维荧光光谱技术为诊断手段，利用荧光激发发射矩阵(EEM)结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)法，提取艾比湖流域地表水水体荧光组分，构建干旱区地表水三维荧光光谱指数。通过线性回归方法，建立基于三维荧光光谱技术的地表水盐分含量的诊断模型。结果表明： (1)艾比湖流域地表水溶解性有机质含有四种荧光组分即： 微生物腐殖质(C1)，腐殖酸等有机物质(C2，C4)，蛋白质类有机物质(C3)。(2)通过三维荧光指数分析发现，流域地表水有机污染类型为“陆源型”，受人类干扰比较严重，水体有机污染差异较大，且三维荧光指数、荧光组分分别与地表水水体含盐量呈显著相关性，W2，W4，W7，F355，HIX和BIX与水体盐分含量的关系显著，0.516<r<0.915，其中HIX与水体盐分含量呈明显负相关，相关系数r为-0.57。(3)利用三维荧光指数和荧光组分建立水体盐分估算模型，模型拟合系数大于0.7，模型验证精度符合统计学要求，估算模型的RPD值均大于1.4，模型估算能力较强。因此，基于三维荧光光谱技术实现艾比湖流域地表水水体含盐量诊断研究是可行的。该研究不仅探讨了干旱区艾比湖流域地表水三维荧光的特点，而且将为三维荧光应用于干旱中亚地区地表水有机污染监测提供一定的科学依据。

Rapid Diagnosis of Surface Water Salt Content (WSC) in Ebinur Lake Watershed Based on 3-D Fluorescence Technology

How to make the water quality monitoring under the influence of high levels of salt, is the key to the effective management of water quality in oases in arid areas. The author takes Ebinur lake watershed as the study area, combining three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (3-DEEM) with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), extracting three -dimensional fluorescent components of surface water in Ebinur lake watershed, constructing the index of three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum, which is fit surface water in arid area, using linear regression were establishing diagnosis model of water salt content based on the technique of three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The results showed that: (1) The four fluorescence components were successfully extrapolated by the parallel factor analysis modeling from the fluorescence EEM data including microbial humic-like (Component 1), terrestrial humic-like organic substances (Component 2, Component 4), and protein-like organic substances (Component 3); (2) Three-dimensional fluorescence index analysis showed that terrigenous organic pollution was the main organic pollution type in the watershed. This study indicates that the watershed is subject to human disturbance, gives the large variation of organic pollution in the water body, and the correlation between three-dimensional fluorescence index, fluorescent components and water salt content is significant; There is a significant relationship between W2，W4，W7，F355，HIX, BIX and salt water content. The correlation coefficients r in the range of 0.516 and 0.915, is a negative relationship between BIX and water salt content, and the correlation coefficient r is -0.57. (3) The application of three-dimensional fluorescence index and fluorescence component to establish salt water content produced a model fitting coefficient (r) that is greater than 0.7 and residual predictive deviation (RPD) that is greater than 1.4, the model has a high predictive ability, which demonstrated that the accuracy of the model was in line with monitoring requirements in practice. Therefore, based on the three dimensional fluorescence spectrum technology, the realization of Ebinur Lake Watershed surface water salinity diagnosis research is effective. This study not only explores the three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics of the surface water of the Ebinur Lake Watershed, but may also be applied to three-dimensional fluorescence extraction of other surface waters in arid regions of Central Asia.