Complete Flat Affine and Lorentzian Manifolds

Following in the tradition of Hilbert's 18th problem of classifying crystallographic groups, we provide a survey of a series of results which have culminated in the study of flat Lorentz manifolds. In particular, Milnor asked whether all complete flat affine manifolds have virtually polycyclic fundamental groups. Margulis answered this question negatively by constructing complete flat Lorentz manifolds with free fundamental groups. In this paper, we follow the effort to classify and understand these interesting counterexamples to Milnor's question, and their generalizations.