平面二极管爆炸发射阴极特性实验研究

 在电压0.6~1.0 MV，脉冲重复频率为100 Hz条件下，实验研究了爆炸发射阴极的有效发射面积、平均发射电流密度、二极管阻抗、电子束能量损耗机制等特性。结果表明：阴极有效发射面积随时间呈方波变化，在脉冲开始后5 ns内有效发射面积基本达到稳定。在碳纤维、天鹅绒、石墨、不锈钢4种阴极材料中，碳纤维阴极有效发射面积最大且变化相对稳定，并且碳纤维阴极具有最大的平均发射电流密度。二极管阻抗随着阴阳极间隙的增加并非呈平方关系增加,而是呈线性增长，阻抗失配是降低电子束能量传输效率的主要机制。

Experimental investigation of explosive emission cathode properties in planar diode

The properties of several materials as explosive emission cathode were studied experimentally on high voltage (0.6~1.0 MV), repetitive (100 Hz) electron accelerator, such as effective emission area, average current density, diode impedance and energy losses of electron beam. The results show that the effective emission area varies with the applied diode voltage just like square wave response. The effective emission area varies mildly 5 ns after the voltage pulse beginning. Among carbon fiber, velvet, graphite and stainless steel, the carbon fiber has the largest effective emission area and average current density. The diode impedance increases linearly with the increase of the cathode-anode gap distance. The diode impedance mismatch with the transmitting line is the main factor of the ener