Isotactic polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites prepared by latex technology: Electrical conductivity study |
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Authors: | Nadia Grossiord Mariëlle EL Wouters Kangbo Lu Joachim Loos Bruno Van Mele |
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Institution: | a Eindhoven University of Technology, Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymer Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands b TNO Science and Industry, BU Materials Technology, De Rondom 1, P.O. Box 6235, 5600 HE Eindhoven, The Netherlands c Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science (H.E.M., B.V.M.) and Physical and Colloidal Chemistry (C.E.K.), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium d Dutch Polymer Institute, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | Several series of nanocomposites were prepared using a latex-based process, the main step of which consisted of mixing an aqueous suspension of exfoliated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a polymer latex. In the present work, a systematic study on the electrical properties of fully amorphous (polystyrene - PS) as well as semi-crystalline (isotactic polypropylene - iPP) nanocomposites containing either single-wall (SWCNTs) or multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been conducted. Percolation thresholds as low as 0.05 wt.% or 0.1 wt.% were observed for SWCNT/iPP and MWCNT/iPP nanocomposites, respectively. The formation of a conductive percolating network at such a low CNT concentration is favored by the high intrinsic conductivity and the low viscosity of the polymer matrix. The electrical percolation threshold of the iPP-based system was found to be lower than its rheological percolation threshold. Beyond the percolation threshold, MWCNT-based nanocomposites generally exhibited higher conductivity levels than those based on SWCNTs, most probably due to the higher intrinsic conductivity of the MWCNTs as compared to that of the SWCNTs. These excellent electrical properties, associated with the strong nucleating effect of the CNTs reported earlier 1] and 2], render this type of nanocomposites extremely attractive from a technological point of view. |
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Keywords: | Nanocomposite Electrical conductivity Isotactic polypropylene Percolation threshold |
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