超疏水材料表面液-气界面的稳定性及演化规律

超疏水表面功能材料在防污、流动减阻等领域具有重要应用，其中液–气界面的稳定性是关系到该种材料性能发挥的关键因素。微结构液–气界面的稳定性主要体现在浸润状态转变过程，浸润状态恢复过程和气泡形态演化过程三个方面。在压强变化、气体扩散等多种因素作用下，液–气界面会发生失稳现象，并以不同的形态变化方式进行演化发展。该文首先总结了三类液–气界面稳定性问题。在不同的演化阶段，液–气界面具有不同的位置和形状，体现出不同的稳定性。然后，分别针对液滴系统和水下浸没系统，考虑了几种主要的影响因素，综述了目前国内外关于超疏水微结构液–气界面稳定性研究的主要进展，总结液–气界面的演化机制。最后，展望了该领域中存在的主要科学问题。

Stability and evolution of liquid-gas interfaces on superhydrophobic surfaces

Microstructured superhydrophobic surfaces have broad applications such as anti-fouling and drag reduction. The performance of such surfaces strongly depends on the stability of liquid-gas interfaces, which affects physical processes including wetting transition, restoration and bubble evolution. Various physical factors including pressurization and gas diffusion may destabilize the liquid-air interfaces, and lead to evolution in different manners. In this paper, we first summarize the three types of interfacial stability problems for liquid-gas interfaces. Relying on external stimulations, the liquid-air interface may evolve into different stages and exhibit different morphologies. The recent progress of research on the stability and control of liquid-air interfaces in both droplet systems and submersion circumstances has been reviewed. Based on this review, remaining challenges for future research have been given.