Numerical modelling of ultrasonic waves in a bubbly Newtonian liquid using a high-order acoustic cavitation model |
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Institution: | 1. Computational Science and Engineering Group (CSEG), University of Greenwich, 30 Park Row, London SE10 9ET, United Kingdom;2. Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology (BCAST), Brunel University London, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, United Kingdom;3. Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Wheatley Campus, Wheatley, OX33 1HX, United Kingdom;4. Smart Materials and Technologies Institute (SMTI), Tomsk State University, Tomsk 634050, Russia |
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Abstract: | To address difficulties in treating large volumes of liquid metal with ultrasound, a fundamental study of acoustic cavitation in liquid aluminium, expressed in an experimentally validated numerical model, is presented in this paper. To improve the understanding of the cavitation process, a non-linear acoustic model is validated against reference water pressure measurements from acoustic waves produced by an immersed horn. A high-order method is used to discretize the wave equation in both space and time. These discretized equations are coupled to the Rayleigh-Plesset equation using two different time scales to couple the bubble and flow scales, resulting in a stable, fast, and reasonably accurate method for the prediction of acoustic pressures in cavitating liquids. This method is then applied to the context of treatment of liquid aluminium, where it predicts that the most intense cavitation activity is localised below the vibrating horn and estimates the acoustic decay below the sonotrode with reasonable qualitative agreement with experimental data. |
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Keywords: | Acoustic cavitation Numerical acoustics Ultrasonic wave propagation Ultrasonic melt processing Light metal alloys |
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