全氟羧酸盐海洋微表层富集与影响因素分析

通过环境调查和表面张力测定实验，观察了全氟辛酸盐（PFOA）和全氟寅酸盐（PFNA）在海洋微表层中的富集现象，探讨了污染物浓度、温度、盐度等热力学因素对PFOA海水表面富集的影响趋势．利用钢丝网法采集的黄海北部开阔海域微表层中（厚约200μm），PFOA和PFNA的浓度分别为1．92～17．66ng／L和0．40～9．30ng／L，几何均值为4-27和1．38ng／L；微表层富集系数的几何均值为2．5（1．0～17）和8．2（2．1-42）．微表层中PFNA与PFOA浓度比值几何均值为0．33，显著不同于次表层海水中的组成比例（0．10）．海洋表层水温度和盐度是影响全氟表面活性剂微表层富集状态的主要热力学因素．温度增高时，微表层富集系数随之降低；盐度增加时，富集系数随之增加．

Enrichment phenomena and affect factors of Perfluorinated carboxylates in sea surface microlayer

Through environmental investigation in Chinese Northern Yellow Sea and laboratory surface tension measurements, the enrichment phenomena of perfluorooctanoate （PFOA） and perfluorononanoate （PFNA） in the sea surface microlayer were observed and discussed. PFOA and PFNA concentrations in sea surface microlayer collected with a stainless steel screen （with a depth of 200 μm） ranged 1.92-17.66 ng/L （geomean 4.27 ng/L） and 0.40-9.30 ng/L （geomean 1.38 ng/L）. The geomeans of enrichment factors were 2.5（1.0-17） and 8.2（2.1-42）. PFNA to PFOA mean ratio was 0.33 that was significantly higher than that in subsurface water（0.10）. Temperature and salinity are the two main thermodynamic factors that affect their adsorptions in sea surface microlayer. When temperature rises, surface adsorptions decrease; while salinity increases, adsorptions increase.