Cognitive impairment related changes in the elemental concentration in the brain of old rat |
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| Institution: | 1. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro/COPPE, Nuclear Instrumentation Laboratory, P.O. Box: 68509, Zip Code: 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. University of Rio de Janeiro State, Physics Institute, RJ, Brazil;3. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Nutrition Institute, RJ, Brazil;4. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Basics and Clinic Pharmacy, RJ, Brazil;5. University of Campinas State, Civil Engineering Department, SP, Brazil;6. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Histology and Embryology, RJ, Brazil;1. PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal 637002 Tamilnadu, India;2. Department of Energy Science and Technology, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamilnadu, India;2. Department of Business, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland;3. Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain;4. Cátedra de Investigación y Docencia en Fisioterapia: Terapia Manual y Punción Seca, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain;5. Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland;1. Department of Physics, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil 629180, India;2. Department of Physics, Lekshmipuram College of Arts and Science, Neyyoor 629802, India;3. Department of Physics, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, India;4. Division of Physics, VIT, Chennai 600175, India;1. Laboratoire de Magnétisme et Physique des Hautes Énergies (LMPHE-URAC 12), Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco;2. Département de Physique, Faculté Poly-disciplinaire, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Béni Mellal, Morocco;3. Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et des Techniques Nucléaires, Rabat, Morocco;4. Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco;5. Institute of Nano-materials and Nanotechnologies, MAScIR, Rabat, Morocco |
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| Abstract: | In order to evaluate the elemental concentration as a function of learning and memory deficiency, six different structures of the brain were analyzed by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with synchrotron radiation (SR-TXRF). To evaluate the cognitive processes, the animals were tested in an adaptation of the Morris water maze. After the test, the animals were divided into two groups: cognitively healthy (control group) and cognitively impaired. The measurements were carried out at XRF beam line at Light Synchrotron Brazilian laboratory, Campinas, Brazil. The following elements were identified: Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br and Rb. K concentration was higher in all regions of the brain studied for control group than the cognitively impaired group. Moreover, the control group presented higher levels for P and Fe in the entorhinal cortex, in the temporal cortex (only P), in the hypothalamus and in the thalamus, than the cognitively impaired group. Br concentration in the animals which presented cognitive impairment was three times larger in the hypothalamus and thalamus, twice larger in temporal cortex and higher in visual cortex than the cognitively healthy group. Cu was more remarkable in the hippocampus and hypothalamus from the animals with cognitive impairment than the control group.We observed that the cognitively impaired group presented highest concentrations of Br and Cu in certain areas than the control group, on the other hand, this group presented highest levels of K for all brain areas studied. |
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