爆炸气泡与自由水面相互作用动力学研究

为探究爆炸水幕形态与水下流场变化之间的联系,设计了小当量RDX装药水箱内爆炸实验系统.采用两台高速录像机同步拍摄了气泡和水幕形态的演变过程,获得了三种典型气泡形态和六种典型水幕形态.通过观察气泡-水面-空气之间的流场变化和理论分析,揭示了六种形态水幕的演变规律及其形成机理,并与电火花形成气泡实验结果进行了对比分析.通过对不同比例深度条件下的气泡横向半径、纵向半径、膨胀时间、脉动周期、气泡边界运动过程等的统计分析,揭示了近水面水下爆炸形成气泡的动力学过程.

Dynamics of the interaction b etween explosion bubble and free surface

A strong coupling effect between the bubble and water occurs when an explosive bubble expands and contracts near the water surface, leading to the complex changes of the flow field and various shapes of water plumes. An experimental system for small equivalent of charge RDX is designed to investigate the relations between the shapes of water plumes and the changes of the flow field. Two synchronized high speed cameras are used to record the changing process of the shapes of bubbles and water plume. Three typical shapes of bubble and six typical shapes of water plumes are observed. By theoretical analysis and direct observation of flow field changes among the bubble, the water surface, and the air, the evolution rule and formation mechanism of the six shapes of water plumes are allready revealed. Experimental results are also compared with that from the experiment of bubbles formed by electric spark. Through statistical analysis of bubble radius, expansion time, pulsation period, and bubble boundary movement, the dynamic process of bubble formation in near water surface explosion is clarified.
Keywords： underwater explosion plume bubble experiment