狼尾草特性及狼尾草/PP复合材料性能研究

对狼尾草茎秆进行拉伸性能测试和长径比测量、并进行X射线衍射图谱、红外光谱和热重分析,分别以三种粒径(40目、60目、80目)狼尾草茎秆纤维为填充材料,以聚丙烯(PP)为基体材料,使用模压成型工艺制备三种不同粒径的狼尾草/PP复合材料。对制备的复合材料进行了接触角测量、吸水性能和力学性能测试,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料拉伸断面微观结构。结果表明:狼尾草茎秆纤维素类型为I型,相对结晶度为44%;40目、60目和80目三种目数狼尾草/PP复合材料24h吸水厚度膨胀率分别为7.7%、4.2%和4.4%;其中40目狼尾草/PP复合材料有较好的结合界面和较好的力学性能,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度分别为10.47MPa、15.98MPa、1.9GPa和3.7kJ/m²。由此得知,40目狼尾草/PP复合材料力学性能最好,但吸水性较强;60目狼尾草/PP复合材料具有较好的力学性能和一定的抗吸水性,综合性能最佳。

The Performance of Hybrid Pennisetum and Hybrid Pennisetum/PP Composites

Mechanical performance test and aspect ratio measurement were performed on Pennisetum stalk, and X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared spectrum and thermogravimetric analysis were performed. 40 mesh, 60 mesh and 80 mesh Pennisetum stalk fibers were used as filling materials, and polypropylene (PP) was used as the matrix material. Three different sizes of Pennisetum/PP composites were prepared by compression molding. The prepared composites were measured for contact angle, water absorption and mechanical properties, and the microstructure of the tensile section of the composites was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the stem cellulose type of Pennisetum was type I and the relative crystallinity was 44%;the 40-mesh, 60-mesh, and 80-mesh pennisetum/PP composites had 24-hour water absorption thickness expansion rates of 7.7%, 4.2% and 4.4% respectively;40 mesh pennisetum/PP composite material has better combining interface and high mechanical properties, its tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength are 10.47MPa, 15.98MPa, 1.9GPa, and 3.7kJ/m^2, respectively. It was finally learned that 40-mesh Pennisetum/PP composite material has the best mechanical properties but strong water absorption;60-mesh Pennisetum/PP composite material has good mechanical properties and certain water absorption resistance, and its comprehensive performance is the best.