镁离子荧光探针

镁离子（Mg²⁺）在许多生理过程中扮演着重要的角色，因此对镁离子的选择性识别引起了人们极大的关注。本文综述了近年来镁离子荧光探针的最新研究进展。镁离子荧光探针体系主要分为：喹啉类、β-二酮类、冠醚/多醚类、羧酸类、荧光素/罗丹明类、配合物类、聚合物类和纳米材料类等。本文列举了每类探针分子代表性的化合物并总结比较了不同类型的镁离子荧光探针体系。

Fluorescent Probes for Sensing Magnesium Ions

Magnesium ion sensors are extensively required because this biologically most abundant divalent cation plays vital roles in many biological processes. This article outlines recent activities regarding the development of molecular sensors that can visualize the presence of magnesium ions through changes of their fluorescence properties. Eight different sensing systems are discussed: quinoline-based sensors, β-diketone-based sensors, crown ethers/polyethers-based sensors, carboxylic acid-based sensors, fluorescein/rhodamine-based sensors, complex-based sensors, polymer-based sensors and nanomaterial-based sensors. Typical examples are presented for each class and different fluorescent sensors for the detection of magnesium ions are summarized and compared. Contents
1 Introduction
2 Quinoline-based ionophores
3 b-Diketone ionophores
3.1 Intramolecular charge transfer
3.2 Photoinduced electron transfer
4 Crown ethers/polyethers-based ionophores
5 Carboxylic acid-based ionophores
6 Fluorescein/rhodamine-based ionophores
7 Complex-based ionophores
8 Polymer-based ionophores
9 Nanomaterial-based ionophores
10 Other ionophores
11 Conclusion