基于动态地场和元胞自动机的自行车流建模

针对现有自行车流模型对车辆间作用考虑不足的问题，在原多车道元胞自动机模型的基础上引入动态地场，在模型中纳入了排斥力，并充分考虑了前车速度对后车行驶的影响，体现了自行车的灵活性等特征，提出了换道成本的概念并建立了新的基于比较交通环境的换道规则. 数值仿真结果表明：1）该模型能更准确地描述自行车流，反映自行车流的特征，得到的数据符合实际；2）单位车道宽度的通行能力随着车道数的增加有小幅下降；3）激进的驾驶风格使得换道次数大幅增加，通行能力下降. 关键词： 自行车流 元胞自动机 动态地场 仿真

Modeling of bicycle flow based on dynamic floor field and cellular automata

In this paper, dynamic floor field is introduced to investigate the characteristics of bicycle flow. To embody the features of bicycles and riders, the repulsive force among the riders and the velocity effect are taken into consideration in this new model. A new concept called lane-changing cost is proposed to study the effect of driving styles, and a new lane-changing rule is proposed based on the traffic environment comparison. The simulation results show that 1) the model can accurately describe the bicycle flow, and the obtained statistics accords with empirical data; 2) the capacity of the road of per unit width deceases as road-width increases; 3) aggressive driving style substantially increases the lane-changing times, which reduces the capacity of the road.
Keywords： bicycle flow cellular automata dynamic floor field simulation