渗透汽化优先透醇分离膜

20世纪70年代的能源危机促使了人们对可再生能源-发酵法制备乙醇与节能分离工艺的探求。渗透汽化膜分离技术作为一种新兴的膜分离技术，具有分离效率高、低能耗、易于和发酵装置耦合、易于与其它分离方法联用等显著优点，特别适用于乙醇/水等恒沸混合物体系的分离。本文简要介绍了渗透汽化优先透醇膜的研究背景，总结并分析了用于指导膜材料选择的理论，详细介绍了用于制备优先透醇膜的含硅聚合物、含氟聚合物、有机/无机复合膜材料以及其他聚合物等膜材料的的结构特点、改性方法及膜材料分子结构与渗透汽化性能间的关系，并对不同膜材料对乙醇/水的渗透汽化分离性能进行了总结比较，在此基础上总结了目前渗透汽化乙醇/水分离膜存在的问题，并对其未来的研究方向和发展前景进行了展望。

Ethanol Perm-selective Membranes by Pervaporation

The production of renewable ethanol biofuel from fermentation process as well as the investigation of energy-saving separation technics was advanced by the energy crisis in 1970s. As a rising membrane separation technology, pervaporation(PV) is especially attractive in the separation of azeotropic mixtures such as ethanol/water mixtures due to high separation efficiency, low energy consumption, integration of per-vaporation with fermentor and synergy of performing pervaporation and other separation methods etc. A brief introduction of investigation background of ethanol perm-selective membrane by pervaporation was given in this paper. Theories used for the selection of ethanol perm-selective membrane materials were summarized and analyzed. And the structure characteristics, modification methods and PV performance of ethanol perm-selective membrane materials (such as silicon-containing polymers, fluorine-containing polymers, or-ganic/inorganic composite membrane materials and other polymers etc.) with separation priorities were pre-sented in detail. The relationship between the structure characteristics of PV membrane materials and their separation performance was discussed thoroughly. The pervaporation performance of various ethanol perm-selective membranes was summarized and compared. Problems existed in PV membrane for etha-nol/water separation was proposed based on discussion above. And the foresight of development and investi-gation of ethanol perm-selective PV membrane was also brought forward.