激光产生温稠密物质的微观动力学过程及状态诊断

随着大型激光装置的建立和精密测量技术的发展，强激光与固体相互作用成为实验室产生温稠密物质的一个重要手段。温稠密物质的结构复杂性、瞬态性和非平衡性给理论建模和实验测量带来了巨大挑战。本文系统介绍了激光产生温稠密物质的实验手段和理论模拟方法方面的重要进展，分析了其中的电子激发动力学、电子-离子能量弛豫过程、离子动力学等物理过程，总结了温稠密物质状态诊断的实验技术和理论方法，并论述了激光产生温稠密物质的发展趋势。

Dynamics and micro-structures in generation of warm dense matter using intense laser

With the establishment of high-power laser facilities and the development of precise measurement technology, the interaction between high-power lasers and solids has become an important path to generate warm dense matter in laboratories. The structural complexity, transients and non-equilibrium of warm dense matter have brought great challenges to theoretical modeling and experimental measurements. This paper systematically reviews the important advances in the experimental methods and theoretical simulation methods in laser-generating warm dense matter, analyzes the physical processes such as electron excitation dynamics, electron-ion energy relaxation, and ionic dynamics. It summarizes the experimental techniques and theoretical methods of state diagnosis of warm dense matter, and discusses the development trend of laser-generating warm dense matter.