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Soft X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy at the molecular environmental science beamline at the Advanced Light Source |
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| Authors: | H. Bluhm K. Andersson T. Araki K. Benzerara G.E. Brown J.J. Dynes S. Ghosal M.K. Gilles H.-Ch. Hansen J.C. Hemminger A.P. Hitchcock G. Ketteler A.L.D. Kilcoyne E. Kneedler J.R. Lawrence G.G. Leppard J. Majzlam B.S. Mun S.C.B. Myneni A. Nilsson H. Ogasawara D.F. Ogletree K. Pecher M. Salmeron D.K. Shuh B. Tonner T. Tyliszczak T. Warwick T.H. Yoon |
| Affiliation: | aLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Mail Stop 6R2100, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA bStanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA cFYSIKUM, Stockholm University, Albanova University Center, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden dBrockhouse Institute for Materials Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada, L8S 4M1 eDepartment of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA fDepartment of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA gMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA hDepartment of Natural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark iFEI Company, Hillsboro, OR 97124, USA jNational Water Research Institute, Saskatoon, Sask., Canada S7N 3H5 kDepartment of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA lAdvanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA mChemical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA nNational Water Research Institute, Burlington, Ont., Canada L7R 4A6 |
| Abstract: | We present examples of the application of synchrotron-based spectroscopies and microscopies to environmentally relevant samples. The experiments were performed at the molecular environmental science beamline (11.0.2) at the Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Examples range from the study of water monolayers on Pt(1 1 1) single crystal surfaces using X-ray emission spectroscopy and the examination of alkali halide solution/water vapor interfaces using ambient pressure photoemission spectroscopy, to the investigation of actinides, river water biofilms, Al-containing colloids and mineral–bacteria suspensions using scanning transmission X-ray spectromicroscopy. The results of our experiments show that spectroscopy and microscopy in the soft X-ray energy range are excellent tools for the investigation of environmentally relevant samples under realistic conditions, i.e., with water or water vapor present at ambient temperature. |
| Keywords: | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy X-ray emission spectroscopy Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure Water environmental science |
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