Electrochemical deposition of (Mn, Co)-codoped ZnO nanorod arrays without any template |
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| Institution: | 1. MOE of Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. Institute of Optoelectronic and Functional Composite Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;3. State Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, Beijing 100871, China;4. Instrumental Analysis and Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, P.O. Box 98164-161, Zahedan, Iran;1. LSRE – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Associate Laboratory LSRE/LCM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, Porto 4200-465, Portugal;2. PLAPIQUI, Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina;1. Nanostech Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016 New Delhi, India;2. Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstr. 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany;3. Department of Materials for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;4. Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14 km 163.5, 34194 Basovizza Trieste, Italy;1. Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland;2. Powder Technology Laboratory, Material Science Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland;1. Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China;2. Department of Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China |
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| Abstract: | (Mn, Co)-codoped ZnO nanorod arrays were successfully prepared on Cu substrates by electrochemical self-assembly in solution of 0.5 mol/l ZnCl2–0.01 mol/l MnCl2–0.01 mol/l CoCl2–0.1 mol/l KCl–0.05 mol/l tartaric acid at a temperature of 90 °C, and these nanorods were found to be oriented in the c-axis direction with wurtzite structure. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction show that the dopants Mn and Co are incorporated into the wurtzite-structure of ZnO. The concentrations of the dopants, and the orientations and densities of nanorods can easily be well controlled by the current densities of deposition or salt concentrations. Magnetization measurement indicates that the prepared (Mn, Co)-codoped ZnO nanorods with a coercivity of about 91 Oe and a saturation magnetization (Ms) of about 0.23 emu/g. The anisotropic magnetism for the (Mn, Co)-codoped ZnO nanorod arrays prepared in solution of 0.5 mol/l ZnCl2–0.01 mol/l MnCl2–0.01 mol/l CoCl2–0.1 mol/l KCl–0.05 mol/l tartaric acid with current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 was also investigated, and the crossover where the magnetic easy axis switches from parallel to perpendicular occurs at a calculated time of about 112 min. The anisotropic magnetism, depending on the rod geometry and density, can be explained in terms of a competition between self-demagnetization and magnetostatic coupling among the nanorods. |
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