高性能镁-稀土结构材料的研制、开发与应用

由于镁合金具有低的密度-质轻、高比刚度、卓越的机械性能、高的硬度及良好的铸造性能, 近几十年来镁合金的应用一直是自动化工业的目标之一. 然而, 高温特殊用途, 例如在发动机上的应用, 通常的镁合金就受到了限制, 因为在高温下它们的强度和抗蠕变性能都比较差. 由于镁-稀土合金增加了材料的抗拉强度、延展性及抗蠕变性能, 稀土加入后形成镁-稀土合金就可以满足高温应用的要求. 本文就我国丰富的镁和稀土资源评述了国内外镁-稀土合金的研制、开发与应用状况及发展趋势, 同时结合我国相关单位的研究进展, 对我国镁-稀土合金的发展提出了建议.

Investigation,Exploitation and Application of Magnesium-Rare Earth Alloy as a Structure Material

Magnesium alloys have been the target of the automotive industry in the last decades because of their low density, high specific strength, excellent machinability, high stiffness and good castability. However, special focus was given on applications at high temperatures such as transmission engines, where conventional magnesium alloys are limited due to their poor strength and creep resistance. Rare earth additions on magnesium alloys fulfils these requirements because Mg-RE alloys have increased tensile strength, ductility, creep resistance and stability at high temperature. The Investigation, exploitation, application and prospect of excellent properties of magnesium-rare earth alloy as a structure material are reviewed for the rich sources of magnesium and rare earth in our country. At the same time, national development suggestion of magnesium-rare earth alloy is proposed according to the research progress at Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry and other units in our country and abroad.