聚苯胺/离子液体/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备及其导电性能研究

采用1-羧甲基-3-甲基咪唑氯化盐离子液体对钠化蒙脱土进行插层改性,然后用苯胺的盐酸溶液进行二次插层,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,盐酸溶液为掺杂剂,使进入离子液体/蒙脱土(CMMIm/MMT)层间的苯胺(An)发生氧化聚合反应,制备了一种具有良好导电性的聚苯胺/离子液体/蒙脱土复合材料(PANI/CMMIm/MMT).用红外光谱、X-射线衍射,热重分析和DSC对样品进行了表征.结果表明当离子液体/蒙脱土用量为7.5%、盐酸浓度为1mol/L、过硫酸铵与苯胺的摩尔比为1∶1、0℃下反应6h时制备的PANI/CMMIm/MMT纳米复合材料电导率最高,达到了0.3S/cm,是相同条件下聚苯胺/钠化蒙脱土纳米复合材料电导率的2.5倍,聚苯胺的7.5倍.

PREPARATION AND CONDUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF POLYANILINE/IONIC LIQUID/MONTIMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITES

Sodium montmorillonite ( Na-MMT ) was modified with 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (CMMIm),then aniline monomers were inserted into CMMIm /MMT.Using ammonium persulfate and hydrochloric acid as oxidant and dopant,respectively,conductive polyaniline /ionic liquid /montmorillonite (PANI/CMMIm/MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline(An) which was intercalated in the interlayer of MMT.PANI /CMMIm /MMT nanocomposites were characterized with the measurements of FTIR,XRD and TG.The experimental results indicated that the conductivity of PANI / CMMIm /MMT nanocomposites was 0.3 S /cm when the amount of CMMIm /MMT was 7.5% ,the concentration of HCl was 1 mol /L,the mass ratio of PANI and ( NH4 )2S2O8 was 1 ∶ 1,the polymerization time and temperature were 6 h and 0℃ ,respectively.The conductivity of PANI /CMMIm /MMT nanocomposites was 2.5 times as high as that of PANI /Na-MMT and 7.5 times as high as that of PANI.The conducting stability of PANI /CMMIm /MMT nanocomposites is higher than that of PAn because the carboxyl of 1-carboxymethyl-3- methyl imidazolium chloride provided partial proton acid.