氧化锰纳米管及其超级铝热剂:制备及对环三亚甲基三硝胺热分解的影响

采用水热法制备了MnO2纳米管,以其与纳米铝粉为原料,采用超声分散复合的方法,制备了超级铝热剂Al/MnO2。利用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能量散射光谱仪(EDS)对产物的物相、组成、形貌和结构进行分析表征,并运用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了MnO2纳米管及其超级铝热剂对环三亚甲基三硝胺热分解特性的影响。结果表明,水热法制备的纳米MnO2呈管状均匀分布,球形纳米Al与管状纳米MnO2相互依附,分散较均匀;MnO2纳米管及其超级铝热剂的加入均改变了环三亚甲基三硝胺的热分解行为及分解历程,使原有占主导的液相分解变为二次的气相反应加剧,使环三亚甲基三硝胺主分解峰形发生了明显的改变。

MnO2 Nanotube and Its Super Thermite: Preparation and Their Effect on Thermal Decomposition of Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine

The nano-MnO₂ was prepared by hydrothermal method, and then super thermite Al/MnO₂ was prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method using nano-MnO₂ and Al nanoparticles as raw materials. The physical phase, composition, morphology and structure of products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). The catalytic effect of MnO₂ nanotube and the super thermite on the thermal decomposition of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine were investigated by differential scanning colorimetry (DSC). The results indicate that nano-MnO₂ is in tubular structure, and the globose nano-Al particles are homodispersed on the surface of MnO₂ nanotube. MnO₂ nanotube and its super thermite influence the thermal decomposition behavior and decomposition process of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine. They can change the primary decomposition of liquid phase to the reaction of secondary gas phase and can change the shape of main decomposition peak obviously.