Sonodynamic action of pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester induces mitochondrial damage in liver cancer cells |
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Authors: | Xu Jing Xia Xinshu Leung Albert Wingnang Xiang Junyan Jiang Yuan Yu Heping Bai Dingqun Li Xiaohong Xu Chuanshan |
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Institution: | a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China b School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China c Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Eastern District of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan, China |
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Abstract: | Sonodynamic therapy with pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester (MPPa) presents a promising aspect in treating liver cancer. The present study aims to investigate the mitochondrial damage of liver cancer cells induced by MPPa-mediated sonodynamic action. Mouse hepatoma cell line H22 cells were incubated with MPPa (2 μM) for 20 h and then exposed to ultrasound with an intensity of 0.97 W/cm2 for 8 s. Cytotoxicity was investigated 24 h after sonodynamic action using MTT assay and light microscopy. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was analyzed using flow cytometry with rhodamine 123 staining and ultrastructural changes were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The cytotoxicity of MPPa-mediated SDT on H22 cell line was 73.00 ± 3.42%, greater than ultrasound treatment alone (28.12 ± 5.19%) significantly while MPPa treatment alone had no significant effect on H22 cells. Moreover, after MPPa-mediated SDT cancer cells showed swollen mitochondria under TEM and a significant collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential. Our findings demonstrated that MPPa-mediated SDT could remarkably induce cell death of H22 cells, and highlighted that mitochondrial damage might be an important cause of cell death induced by MPPa-mediated SDT. |
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Keywords: | Sonodynamic therapy Pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester Liver cancer Mitochondria |
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