Use of itaconic acid-based polymers for solid-phase extraction of deoxynivalenol and application to pasta analysis |
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Authors: | Pascale Michelangelo De Girolamo Annalisa Visconti Angelo Magan Naresh Chianella Iva Piletska Elena V Piletsky Sergey A |
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Institution: | a Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy b Cranfield Health, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedforshire MK45 4DT, UK |
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Abstract: | Molecular modelling and computational design were used to identify itaconic acid (IA) as a functional monomer with high affinity towards deoxynivalenol (DON), a Fusarium-toxin frequently occurring in cereals. IA-based polymers were photochemically synthesised in dimethyl formamide (porogen) using ethylenglycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker and 1,1′-azo-bis(cyclohexane carbonitrile) as initiator, and the relevant binding interactions with DON in solvents with different polarity were investigated. The performances of the non-imprinted IA-based polymer (blank polymer, BP) and the corresponding molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) were compared using DON as a template. Both BP and MIP were able to bind about 90% DON either in toluene, water or water containing 5% polyethylene glycol. Non-imprinted polymers with different molar ratios of IA to cross-linker were evaluated as adsorbents for solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and pre-concentration of DON from wheat and pasta samples prior to HPLC analysis. Samples were extracted with PBS/0.1 M EDTA solution and cleaned up through a cartridge containing blank IA-based polymer. The column was washed with PBS (pH 9.2) and the toxin was eluted with methanol and quantified by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detector (λ = 220 nm), using methanol:water:acetic acid (15:85:0.1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Effective removal of matrix interferences was observed only for pasta with DON recoveries higher than 70% (RSD < 7%, n = 3) at levels close to or higher than EU regulatory limit. |
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Keywords: | Deoxynivalenol Molecular modelling Itaconic acid Computational design Cross-linked sorbent Solid-phase extraction |
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