Design of UV laser pulses for the preparation of matrix isolated homonuclear diatomic molecules in selective vibrational superposition states

The preparation of matrix isolated homonuclear diatomic molecules in a vibrational superposition state c0Phie=1,v=0+cjPhie=1,v=j, with large (|c0|2 approximately 1) plus small contributions (|cj|2<1) of the ground v=0 and specific v=j low excited vibrational eigenstates, respectively, in the electronic ground (e=1) state, and without any net population transfer to electronic excited (e>1) states, is an important challenge; it serves as a prerequisite for coherent spin control. For this purpose, the authors investigate two scenarios of laser pulse control, involving sequential or intrapulse pump- and dump-type transitions via excited vibronic states Phiex,k with a dominant singlet or triplet character. The mechanisms are demonstrated by means of quantum simulations for representative nuclear wave packets on coupled potential energy surfaces, using as an example a one-dimensional model for Cl2 in an Ar matrix. A simple three-state model (including Phi1,0, Phi1,j and Phiex,k) allows illuminating analyses and efficient determinations of the parameters of the laser pulses based on the values of the transition energies and dipole couplings of the transient state which are derived from the absorption spectra.