硫氰化铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶体系浮选分离和富集锗

研究了硫氰化铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)体系浮选分离锗的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在水溶液中,Ge(Ⅳ)与硫氰化铵和溴化十六烷基吡啶形成不溶于水的三元缔合物Ge(SCN)62-]CPB+]2,此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相。当溶液中溴化十六烷基吡啶和硫氰化铵的浓度分别为3.0×10-3mol/L和1.5×10-2mol/L时,Ge(Ⅳ)可与Ga(Ⅲ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mg(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Cr(Ⅲ)和V(Ⅴ)离子定量分离,Ge(Ⅳ)的浮选率达到98.3%以上。对合成水样中Ge(Ⅳ)的分离和测定,结果满意。该方法在微量锗的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。

Study on enrichment and floatation separation of germanium with NH4 SCN-cetyl pyridinium bromide system

The behavior and conditions for the enrichment and flotation separation of Ge(Ⅳ) from other metal ions were investigated with Cetyl pyridinium bromide(CPB)–NH4SCN system.The results showed that Ge(Ⅳ) combined with CPB and NH4SCN into a ternary ion association precipitate Ge(SCN)62-]2 in the aqueous solutions.The precipitate was floated well on the surface of water phase to make the system to divide into both liquid and solid phases with a distinct boundary layer.Ge(Ⅳ) could be quantitatively separated from Ga(Ⅲ),Ni(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Mg(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),Fe(Ⅱ),Al(Ⅲ),Cr(Ⅲ) and V(Ⅴ) by floatation when the concentrations of CPB and NH4SCN in solution were 3.0×10-3mol/L and 1.5×10-2 mol/L,respectively.The floatation rate of Ge(Ⅳ) was higher than 98.3 %.The floatation separation and determination of Ge(Ⅳ) in the samples of synthetic water were realized with satisfactory results.This method is easy and rapid,and it is suitable for the separation and enrichment analysis of trace germanium.