Selective alterations of the antibody response to HIV-1 |
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Authors: | Laure Juompan Patrick Lambin Moncef Zouau |
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Institution: | (1) Département d’Immunologie, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France;(2) Unité d’Immunologie Transfusionelle, Paris, France |
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Abstract: | HIV infection leads to progressive alterations of humoral immune functions, including B-cell hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia,
elevated autoantibody titers, a poor response to neoantigens and mitogens, polyclonal B-cell activation, monoclonal gammopathies,
and a significant deterioration of the antigen-specific humoral response. There is also an important isotypic imbalance of
the antibody (Ab) response in the systemic compartment and a profound modification of mucosal immune functions. These abnormalities
may contribute to disease progression and development of opportunistic infections, despite the presence of serum-neutralizing
anti-HIV Abs. Equally important are the abnormal selection mechanisms of the Ab repertoire that seem to be responsible for
B-cell clonal deletions. The VH3 gene family, which encodes for approx 50% of immunoglobulins expressed by peripheral B-cells from normal adults, is underrepresented
in human monoclonal antibodies to HIV-1 and in the peripheral B-cells of AIDS patients. These abnormalities, together with
features of germinal center alteration, could be responsible for the clonal elimination of a subset of B-cells, and could
contribute to HIV pathogenesis. |
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Keywords: | Superantigen gpl20 HIV B-cell human antibodies immunoglobulin variable genes isotypes mucosal antibodies |
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