Effect of preparation methods and carbon black distribution on mechanical properties of short pineapple leaf fiber-carbon black reinforced natural rubber hybrid composites |
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| Institution: | 1. Polymer Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;2. Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;3. Center of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Phuttamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming, Shanghai 200240, China;2. The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands;4. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma''anshan 243002, China;5. Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China;1. Donghua University Collaborative Innovation Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;1. Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, P.O. Box 91, Hungary;2. Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1519 Budapest, P.O. Box 286, Hungary |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this work is to improve the performance of natural rubber reinforced with a hybrid of pineapple leaf fiber with carbon black. When there are multiple components to be mixed into a rubber matrix, mixing can be carried out in more than one way. Thus, in this study, the effects of preparation method and the resulting carbon black distribution on the mechanical properties of the hybrid composite were evaluated. Pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) and carbon black contents were fixed at 10 parts (by weight) and 30 parts (by weight) per hundred parts of rubber (phr), respectively. In order to improve the dispersion, PALF with rubber was prepared as a masterbatch. Carbon black was added to the compound either as a single portion or as two separate portions, one in the PALF masterbatch and the other in the main mixing step. It was found that, despite using the same final compound formulation, the mixing scheme significantly affected the medium strain region of the vulcanizate stress-strain curve. No stress drop in this strain region was observed for the two-step mixing scheme. Models for composites with different preparation methods are proposed and discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Natural rubber Hybrid composites Mechanical properties Reinforcement Filler distribution |
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