新型烷基苯磺酸盐Gemini表面活性剂的合成与性质

以长链烷基羧酸、苯胺和1,6-己二异氰酸酯为原料合成了一类新型烷基苯磺酸盐Gemini表面活性剂,并用红外﹑核磁和质谱进行了结构表征.用表面张力法和稳态荧光法对所合成的疏水链碳原子数分别为8,10,12的烷基苯磺酸盐GeminiⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ的有关性能进行了测定.结果显示,25℃时用表面张力法测得GeminiⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ的临界胶束浓度(cmc)分别为1.2,0.19,0.006mmol.L-1,即随疏水链长度的增加而降低,较传统的单链烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂低1～3个数量级,显示出很好的胶束形成能力.用稳态荧光法也得到了类似结果.与类似结构的苯磺酸盐型Gemini表面活性剂相比,该类型Gemini表面活性剂在气/液界面排列的分子面积更大.

Synthesis and Properties of a New Alkylbenzenesulfonate Gemini Surfactant

A new alkylbenzenesulfonate Gemini surfactant was synthesized based on long chain alkyl carboxylic acid,aniline and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate.The structure and purities of the product were confirmed by FT-IR,1H NMR and ESI-MS.The properties of Gemini synthesised(abbreviated as GeminiⅠ,GeminiⅡ and Gemini Ⅲ when their hydrophobic chain numbers were 8,10,12) were studied by steady-state fluorescence probe and surface tension method.At 25 ℃,the critical micelle concentrations(cmc’s) were obtained as 1.2,0.19 and 0.006 mmol·L-1 for GeminiⅠ,GeminiⅡ and Gemini Ⅲ respectively,using the surface tension method.The cmc’s of title compounds decreased when the hydrophobic chain increased,and were 1-3 times lower than the corresponding monomeric surfactants,showing excellent micelle-forming property.Similar results were conducted from the steady-state fluorescence probe method.The surface area of the product at the air/water interface was larger than that of Geminis with similar structure reported.