用加速量热仪研究KClO3／CuO／S／Mg—Al／C6Cl6的热分解

本文研究固相反应系统KClO3/CuO/S/Mg-Al/C6Cl6的热分解反应。该系统又称为烟火剂，一般说，烟火剂是一种以可燃剂和氧化剂为基本成分，能够迅速燃烧，燃烧时产生光、声、烟、热等效应的多组分混合制剂，在民用及军用的烟火设计中得到广泛应用，烟火剂的特殊作用要求它在长期贮存时内部组分不发生相互反应，具有较好的化学稳定性。

Investigation of Thermal Decomposition of KClO_3/CuO/S/Mg- Al/C_6Cl_6 System by Accelerating Rate Calorimeter

The thermal decompositions of two systems(No.1,KClO3(52.2％)/CuO(26.0％)/S(9.6％)/Mg-Al(3.5％)/C6Cl6(4.35％) and No.2,KClO3(52.2％)/CuO(26.0％)/S(9.6％)/Mg-Al(3.5％)/C6Cl6(4.35％) are studied using Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC). Temperature vs time curve and pressure vs time curve of reactions are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2 respectively. The basic data including reaction time(1.3 and 7.3 min respectively), initial temperature(159 and 150 ℃ respectively),temperature at the maximum rate(272 and 272 ℃ respectively), the maximum pressure(420 and 190 kPa respectively) and the activation energies(175.6 and 135.2 kJ· mol－ 1 respectively) of the thermal decomposition are given to evaluate the safety of the two systems. Results indicate that system No.2 is safer than system No.1. Compared with the traditional methods, ARC technique can be used to measure temperature and pressure of exothermic reaction concurrently, to find the tiny exothermicity and to determine the initial temperature of exothermic reaction.