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Fluid forces on a very low Reynolds number airfoil and their prediction |
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| Authors: | Y Zhou Md Mahbub Alam HX YangH Guo DH Wood |
| Institution: | a Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong b Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa c Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong d School of Aeronautical Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Xue Yuan Road No. 37, HaiDian District, Beijing, China e School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the measurements of mean and fluctuating forces on an NACA0012 airfoil over a large range of angle (α) of attack (0-90°) and low to small chord Reynolds numbers (Rec), 5.3 × 103-5.1 × 104, which is of both fundamental and practical importance. The forces, measured using a load cell, display good agreement with the estimate from the LDA-measured cross-flow distributions of velocities in the wake based on the momentum conservation. The dependence of the forces on both α and Rec is determined and discussed in detail. It has been found that the stall of an airfoil, characterized by a drop in the lift force and a jump in the drag force, occurs at Rec ? 1.05 × 104 but is absent at Rec = 5.3 × 103. A theoretical analysis is developed to predict and explain the observed dependence of the mean lift and drag on α. |
| Keywords: | Low Reynolds number airfoil Stall of airfoil Aerodynamics of airfoil Reynolds number effect |
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