规模化养殖场废水中抗生素种类及残留特征研究

2010年调查了海南省6家规模化养猪场抗生素使用品种及来源,并采集养殖废水样品,用高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测了样品中4种四环素(四环素、土霉素、金霉素和强力霉素)和8种磺胺类药物(磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲噻唑、磺胺噻唑、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺喹恶啉)的残留浓度水平。结果显示,6家养殖场废水中土霉素、四环素和磺胺嘧啶的检出率及检出浓度较高,其中土霉素检出率为100%,最高浓度为71.75μg/L;四环素检出率为63%,最高检出浓度为24.83μg/L;磺胺嘧啶检出率为83%,最高检出浓度为17.69μg/L。4种四环素类检出总量变化范围为18.25～99.64μg/L,8种磺胺类检出总量变化范围为3.45～24.49μg/L;从养殖规模上看,小规模养殖场抗生素类检出品种较多,检出浓度也较高。

Research of Variety and Residual Characteristics of Antibiotics of Wastewater in Industrial Raising Farm

Antibiotics types and sources of wastewater from 6 large-scale piggery farms in Hainan Province were investigated in 2010.Residual concentrations of 4 types of tetracycline（tetracycline,oxytetracycline,chlortetracycline and doxycycline） and 8 types of sulfonamide（sulfadiazine,sulfamethylthiazole,sulfathiazole,sulfamethazine,nefrosulrenalsulfa,fanasil,sulfadlmethdme and sulfaquinoxaline） were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-UV detector.Results revealed that the incidence of detection was 100%,63% and 83%,the highest concentration was 71.75,24.83 μg/L and 17.69 μg/L for oxytetracycline,sulfadiazine and sulfadiazine respectively,were higher than other antibiotics.The amount of tetracyclines and sulfonamides were 18.25～99.64 μg/L and 3.45～24.49 μg/L,respectively.More types of antibiotic and higher concentration were detected at relatively small farms.