Physical Optics Department, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Australian Key Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Abstract:
The three-dimensional (3D) pupil function for a high-aperture focusing system can be expressed in terms of Hertz or Debye potentials. The electromagnetic field in the focal region can be calculated directly from these. The Debye potential pupil function is given for optical systems obeying different conditions.