稀土催化材料的应用及研究进展

稀土元素具有未充满电子的4f轨道和镧系收缩等特征，当用作催化剂的活性组分或载体时常常表现出独特的催化性能. 稀土催化材料的研究和发展为La和Ce等高丰度轻稀土元素的高质、高效利用提供了有效的途径. 目前稀土催化材料在石油化工、化石燃料的催化燃烧、机动车尾气净化、工业废气治理和固体氧化物燃料电池等领域发挥着重要的作用. 本文综述了稀土催化材料的应用以及理论研究进展，重点讨论了稀土元素对所涉及催化剂的结构、活性和稳定性等的影响.

Current status and perspectives of rare earth catalytic materials and catalysis

Rare earth elements possess 4f orbitals without full electron occupancy and lanthanide contraction. This characteristic results in their unique catalytic performance when they are used as active components or as catalyst supports. Research into and the development of rare earth catalytic materials will significantly promote the high-efficiency utilization of abundant rare earth elements, such as lanthanum and cerium. Currently, rare earth catalytic materials play an important role in such areas as the petroleum chemical industry, the catalytic combustion of fossil fuels, automotive emissions control, the purification of industrial waste air, and solid solution fuel cells. In this paper, we review the application of and recent research progress that has been made on rare earth catalytic materials, including relative theoretical research. The effects of rare earth elements on the structure, activity, and stability of the catalysts of interest are described.