Pd纳米晶的调控合成及其在燃料电池中的应用

贵金属Pd纳米晶体的催化性能与其表面结构有着密切联系。基于目前Pd多面体纳米晶体可控合成技术的发展，Pd纳米晶体催化性能的进一步优化及其在催化领域的应用前景依然广阔。本文主要阐述了关于Pd多面体纳米晶的制备及其作为电催化剂在燃料电池中应用的最新研究进展。在介绍纳米晶体的生长机理及其表面结构与晶体形状的关系之后，重点描述了Pd多面体纳米晶体常见的几种制备方法，概述了Pd多面体纳米晶体作为催化剂在燃料电池阴极和阳极中的应用。最后总结展望了Pd多面体纳米晶体作为催化剂的研究方向及其发展前景。

Controllable Synthesis of Pd Nanocrystals for Applications in Fuel Cells

The properties of Pd nanocrystals (NCs) intended for use in electrocatalytic applications greatly depend on their surface structures and morphologies. Recent developments in the shape-controlled synthesis of polyhedral Pd NCs represent a promising means of precisely tuning their electrocatalytic properties, and thus may enable the performance enhancement of electrocatalytic Pd NCs. In this comprehensive review, we concentrate on the most important current research concerning the shape-controlled synthesis of polyhedral Pd NCs and their electrocatalytic applications in fuel cells. After a brief introduction to the general NC growth mechanisms and the relationship between their surface structures and shapes, we focus on a variety of shapecontrolled synthesis strategies that have been explored to control the fabrication of polyhedral Pd NCs. This review also examines the applications of Pd NCs to the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid, methanol, and ethanol as well as the reduction of O₂, with an emphasis on their use in fuel cells. Finally, we outline our personal perspectives on future research directions that are underway with regard to catalytic uses of polyhedral Pd NCs.