块菌的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

块菌是珍稀野生食用菌，其蛋白质和糖类含量较高，块菌多糖具有潜在的药用价值。文章利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术(FTIR)对五种云南野生块菌作了研究。结果表明，块菌属真菌有其独特的光谱特征，全谱最强峰为出现在1 042和1 077 cm-1附近的强双峰。在脂分子的羰基峰1 742 cm-1及糖类异构体的指纹区1 200～750 cm-1,不同种类、不同产地块菌的光谱有明显差异，另外，正常块菌和霉变块菌的光谱亦有明显差异，主要体现在谱峰吸收强度的变化上，部分谱峰吸收强度比的变化表明，块菌样品变质前后，其蛋白质和糖类物质的含量发生了变化。FTIR光谱提供了块菌成分的有关化学信息，为鉴别块菌和区分块菌的种类、质量提供了简便快捷的手段。

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Truffles

Truffles,which belong to ascomycetes,are rare wild growing edible mushrooms;their fruit body contains high nutritive value composition,and their polysaccharide constituents have potential medical applications.In the present paper,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy was used for obtaining vibrational spectra of mushrooms of truffles growing in mountains of Yunnan province,southwest China.The results show that the mushrooms exhibit characteristic spectra.The two strongest absorption bands appear at about 1 077 and 1 042 cm~(-1),respectively.The spectra exhibit complicated patterns between 1200 and 750 cm~(-1),which may be used as fingerprints to discriminate different species of truffles.Great changes were also found between mold and healthy truffles,showing major differences observed in the bands of protein.In addition,some vibrational-spectrum differences were observed among the same species of truffles from different growing areas.It is showed that(FTIR) can provide valuable information about the chemical constituents of intact truffles prior to any extraction method is used.