GC-MS analysis of metabolites from soxhlet extraction,ultrasound-assisted extraction and supercritical fluid extraction of Salacca zalacca flesh and its alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity |
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Authors: | Mohammed S M Saleh Dzatil Awanis Mohd Bukhari Abdul Razak Kasmuri Suganya Murugesu Alfi Khatib |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;2. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | AbstractDifferent extraction processes were employed to extract bioactive metabolites from Salacca zalacca flesh by a range of aqueous and organic solvents. The highest extraction yield was obtained by 50% ethanol extract of SE (73.18?±?4.35%), whereas SFE_1 showed the lowest yield (0.42?±?0.08%). All extracts were evaluated for in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, measured by their IC50 values in comparison to that of quercetin, the positive control (IC50 = 2.7?±?0.7?μg/mL). The lowest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was indicated by water extract of SE (IC50 = 724.3?±?42.9?μg/mL) and the highest activity was demonstrated by 60% ethanol extract by UAE (IC50 = 16.2?±?2.4?μg/mL). All extracts were analysed by GC-MS and identified metabolites like carbohydrates, fatty acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, sterols and alkane-based compounds etcetera that may possess the potential as α-glucosidase inhibitor and may attribute to the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. |
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Keywords: | Salacca zalacca α-glucosidase metabolite profiling GC-MS |
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