A 17-node quadrilateral spline finite element using the triangular area coordinates

Isoparametric quadrilateral elements are widely used in the finite element method. However,they have a disadvantage of accuracy loss when elements are distorted. Spline functions have properties of simpleness and conformality. A 17-node quadrilateral element has been developed using the bivariate quartic spline interpolation basis and the triangular area coordinates,which can exactly model the quartic displacement fields. Some appropriate examples are employed to illustrate that the element possesses high p...