Isolation and Cultivation of a Xylanolytic Bacillus subtilis Extracted from the Gut of the Termite Reticulitermes santonensis |
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Authors: | Cédric Tarayre Alison Brognaux Catherine Brasseur Julien Bauwens Catherine Millet Christel Mattéotti Jacqueline Destain Micheline Vandenbol Daniel Portetelle Edwin De Pauw Eric Haubruge Frédéric Francis Philippe Thonart |
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Institution: | 1. Unité de Bio-Industries, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium 2. Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium 3. Unité d’Entomologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium 4. Unité de Biologie Animale et Microbienne, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, 6 Avenue Maréchal Juin, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
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Abstract: | The aim of this work was the isolation of xylanolytic microorganisms from the digestive tract of the termite Reticulitermes santonensis. The reducing sugars released after the hydrolysis of xylans can be further fermented to provide bioethanol. A xylanolytic strain of Bacillus subtilis was isolated from the hindgut of the termite and displayed amylase and xylanase activities. The bacterium was grown on media containing agricultural residues: wheat bran, wheat distiller’s grains, and rapeseed oil cake. Wheat bran led to the highest induction of xylanase activity, although the development of the strain was less fast than in the other media. It was possible to reach maximal xylanase activities of 44.3, 33.5, and 29.1 I.U./ml in the media containing wheat bran, wheat distiller’s grains, and rapeseed oil cake, respectively. Mass spectrometry identified a wide range of xylose oligomers, highlighting an endoxylanase activity. The enzyme was stable up to 45 °C and displayed an optimal pH close to 8. |
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